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  • Top 10 Embedded Security Vulnerabilities

    Top 10 Embedded Security Vulnerabilities

    Nearly all of detected security vulnerabilities can be attributed to just 10 types. Here, we discuss the most common cybersecurity vulnerabilities and offer guidance on how to mitigate their risk.

    Vulnerability 10: Numeric Errors

    Numeric errors can refer to several different categories of problems, including wrap around errors, improper validation of array index, integer overflow, incorrect byte ordering and more. A common place for numeric errors is in math calculations and data overflow from an external source.

    Vulnerability 9: Cryptographic Issues

    Cryptographic issues are weaknesses related to the use of cryptography. This type of vulnerability is often caused by missing encryption of sensitive data, inadequate encryption strength and more.

    Vulnerability 8: Code Injection

    Code injections effect interpreted environments such as PHP.

    Vulnerability 7: Code

    This is a catchall vulnerability that can include such things as mismanaging passwords, improper handling of API contracts and code generation issues.

    Vulnerability 6: Resource Management Errors

    This type of vulnerability refers to a wide range of issues, including improper management of system resources, resource locking and insufficient resource pool.

    Vulnerability 5: Improper Access Control

    Improper access control is when software does not restrict, or incorrectly restricts, access to a resource from an unauthorized actor.

    Vulnerability 4: Improper Input Validation

    Improper input validation refers to getting incorrect or missing information from anything that could possibly impact a program’s control flow or data flow.

    Vulnerability 3: Information Exposure

    Information exposure is the intentional or unintentional disclosure of information that isn’t explicitly authorized.

    Vulnerability 2: Access Control

    This vulnerability refers to any weakness related to the management of permissions, privileges or other security features.

    Vulnerability 1: Memory Buffer Problems

    Memory buffer problems occur when software can read or write to locations outside the boundaries of the memory buffer.

    How to Prevent Cyberattacks

    An effective way to address each of these vulnerabilities is to rely on a static code analysis and static application security testing (SAST) tool. These types of tools analyze your code as it’s being written for potential coding errors, bugs and vulnerabilities. By addressing vulnerabilities earlier in development, you save time and money.

    For a more in-depth look at these 10 vulnerabilities and how to best mitigate their potential risk, review the associated white paper.

    To read more, please visit: www.perforce.com/blog/kw/common-software-vulnerabilities

  • What Is ISO 21434? Compliance Tips for Automotive Software Developers

    What Is ISO 21434? Compliance Tips for Automotive Software Developers

    What Is ISO 21434? Compliance Tips for Automotive Software Developers

    To read more, please visit: https://www.perforce.com/blog/qac/ISO-21434-Compliance

  • What is the NIST Cybersecurity Framework?

    What is the NIST Cybersecurity Framework?

    Cybersecurity threats are easier to handle when you have a framework to build off of. That’s why NIST developed the Cybersecurity Framework. Learn more.

    What You Need to Know About the NIST Cybersecurity Framework

    The National Institute of Standards and Technology, or NIST, helps organizations to better understand and manage their cybersecurity risks. NIST does this through its Cybersecurity Framework.

    The 5 Elements of the NIST Cybersecurity Framework

    There are five central elements of the NIST Cybersecurity Framework:

    1. Identify
    2. Protect
    3. Detect
    4. Respond
    5. Recover

    The 3 Components of the NIST Cybersecurity Framework

    In addition to the five main elements of the NIST Cybersecurity Framework, there are also three essential components.

    Framework Core: The Framework Core provides you with a set of activities to help you achieve specific cybersecurity outcomes. In order to help you achieve each activity, the Framework Core provides you with examples.

    Implementation Tiers: The Implementation Tiers provide you with an outline to increase the sophistication in your cybersecurity risk management.

    Framework Profiles: The Framework Profiles outline your cybersecurity activities and provides a look at the potential cybersecurity outcomes needed to meet your cybersecurity goals.

    How to Use the NIST Cybersecurity Framework

    In order to use the NIST Cybersecurity Framework, you must follow these three steps:

    1. Determine the appropriate implementation tier.
    2. Understand the gap between its current and target profiles.
    3. Put plans in place to implement the activities from the Framework Core to move toward the target profiles.

    The CIS Controls for NIST Cybersecurity Framework

    The Center for Internet Security (CIS) regularly publishes CIS Critical Security Controls that map to the NIST Cybersecurity Framework. While there are many sections to the CIS Controls, the most relevant is CIS Control 18, Application Software Security. The section recommends the following actions:

    1. Establish secure coding practices.
    2. Ensure software development personnel are trained in secure coding.
    3. Apply static and dynamic code analysis tools.

    To read more, please visit: https://www.perforce.com/blog/kw/nist-cybersecurity-static-analysis

  • What Is OWASP?

    What Is OWASP?

    With cybersecurity attacks rising, it is important for you to enforce secure software best practices, like OWASP and the OWASP Top 10. OWASP helps you to safeguard your code against software security vulnerabilities. Continue reading to learn why OWASP is important.

    What You Need to Know About OWASP

    The Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP) is an international nonprofit organization that educates software development teams—like yours—on how to conceive, develop, acquire, operate and maintain secure applications. Each of OWASP’s materials have been developed to improve your application security through your team, your processes and your technology.

    What You Need to Know About OWASP Top 10

    The most well-known OWASP resource is the OWASP Top 10. Every year, a team of security experts updates the OWASP Top 10 to include the 10 most critical web application and API security risks.

    The 2020 OWASP Top 10 is as follows:

    1. Injection
    2. Broken Authentication
    3. Sensitive Data Exposure
    4. XML External Entities (XXE)
    5. Broken Access Control
    6. Security Misconfiguration
    7. Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)
    8. Insecure Deserialization
    9. Using Components with Known Vulnerabilities
    10. Insufficient Logging and Monitoring

    Here Is Why OWASP Is Important

    OWASP and the OWASP Top 10 is important as it provides you with the following three benefits:

    1. It helps you to safeguard against cybersecurity vulnerabilities.
    2. It helps you strengthen software encryption.
    3. It helps you reduce the number of security errors, bugs, and defects in the code.

    Why a Static Code Analysis Tool Is Beneficial for OWASP

    One of the most effective practices for enforcing OWASP is to use a SAST tool. A SAST tool helps you to enforce secure coding standards and best practices. In addition, a SAST tool is able to flag security violations and provide you with guidance on how to fix those vulnerabilities and weaknesses.

    To read more, please visit: https://www.perforce.com/blog/kw/what-is-OWASP

  • What Is PA-DSS?

    What Is PA-DSS?

    If you develop payment application software, you must ensure that it is secure and compliant with PA DSS. Read on to learn more about the payment application security standard.

    What You Need to Know About PA DSS

    The Payment Application Data Security Standard (PA DSS) is a part of PCI DSS and is a global security standard. PA DSS applies to the development of payment application software. What’s more, if you are a software vendor that makes and sells payment applications, you must comply with PA DSS. This is to ensure the security of all of your software components. Compliance is essential because if you do not comply, you could receive massive fines.

    Important Requirements for PA DSS Compliance

    The PA DSS requirements apply to the storing, processing and transmitting of cardholder data and sensitive authentication data. There are 14 requirements that every organization that handles credit card information must follow:

    1. Do not retain full track data, card verification code or value (CAV2, CID, CVC2, CVV2), or PIN block data.
    2. Protect stored cardholder data.
    3. Provide secure authentication features.
    4. Log payment application activity.
    5. Develop secure payment applications.
    6. Protect wireless transmissions.
    7. Test payment applications to address vulnerabilities and maintain payment application updates.
    8. Facilitate secure network implementation.
    9. Cardholder data must never be stored on a server connected to the internet.
    10. Facilitate secure remote access to payment applications.
    11. Encrypt sensitive traffic over public networks.
    12. Secure all non-console administrative access.
    13. Maintain a PA-DSS Implementation Guide for customers, resellers, and integrators.
    14. Assign PA-DSS responsibilities for personnel. And maintain training programs for personnel, customers, resellers, and integrators. The Steps to Achieve PA DSS Compliance.

    There are five simple steps in order to comply with PA DSS:

    1. Comply with Requirement 5, which outlines the process for how to develop secure payment applications.
    2. Apply coding standards, such as OWASP, CWE, and CERT.
    3. Train developers in secure coding.
    4. Use a SAST tool to enforce PA DSS requirements automatically.

    To read more, please visit: https://www.perforce.com/blog/kw/what-is-pa-dss

  • Best Practices for a Secure Software Development Project

    Best Practices for a Secure Software Development Project

    The beginning of any new software development project can be daunting, as there are many decisions that need to be made and considerations that must be thought through. Often this includes defining project requirements, selecting the right processes, choosing the right tools and ensuring software security.

    In this webinar, we will walk you through the most time-consuming and difficult challenges of starting a new project.

    This includes the following four topics:
    1. Project requirements
    2. Development processes
    3. Tool selection
    4. DevOps/DevSecOps pipeline management

     

    To read more, please visit: https://www.perforce.com/webinars/kw/best-practices-secure-software-development-project

  • What is Differential Analysis?

    What is Differential Analysis?

    Differential analysis is an emerging solution for static analysis tools. It is a relatively recent solution, but it’s important to understand what it is, how it works and why you should care.

    What’s Differential Analysis?

    Put simply, differential analysis is a form of “fast feedback” static code analysis. By using system context data from previous analysis builds, the static analyzer examines only the files that are new or that have changed. This enables the static code analyzer to provide you with analysis results as if your entire system had been analyzed — meaning differential analysis provides you with the shortest possible analysis times while maintaining the accuracy and detail of your analysis data.

    Differential vs. Incremental Analysis

    Differential analysis is an improvement upon the more traditional incremental analysis, as it requires no prior analysis build of the software on your workstation. This is also what makes differential analysis ideal for DevOps processes — like CI/CD pipelines.

    The Importance of Differential Analysis

    Differential analysis shortens analysis times and provides you with faster feedback, which is incredibly beneficial. Especially if you need to comply with some kind of coding standard, which often involves running a local or pre-commit analysis of your code. In general, this involves running an analysis on the entire codebase to identify any new issues. While this works well for smaller projects with smaller codebases, problems – such as extended analysis times –  can arise when working with a larger codebases. However, with differential analysis, you analyze only the changed files, significantly reducing the amount of time the analysis takes.

    How Differential Analysis Works

    Without getting overly technical, here is how differential analysis works.

    1. The static code analysis tool connects to a server project.
    2. You run an integration analysis.
    3. You run an analysis of the changed code.

    To read more, please visit: https://www.perforce.com/blog/kw/what-is-differential-analysis

  • DevSecOps for Security and Safety-Critical Software Development

    DevSecOps for Security and Safety-Critical Software Development

    One of the most effective software development practices for safety-critical software is DevSecOps. Put simply, DevSecOps automates development and security processes to ensure the security and reliability of software. Here, we explain what you need to know about DevSecOps.

    What You Need to Know About DevSecOps Automation

    DevSecOps is a software development practice that automates and shortens feedback times to ensure secure software development. In general, safety-critical software development requires compliance with industry-specific, functional safety standards — each of which has its own set of core requirements to help you develop software that is safe and secure. While each standard’s guidance is unique, they all require a controlled, reliable, repeatable and automated set of delivery processes to demonstrate compliance. DevSecOps provides just that.

    How DevSecOps Automation Works With CI/CD Pipelines

    An important part of DevSecOps automation are CI/CD pipelines. In general, CI improves the quality of your codebase by breaking up tasks into smaller, more manageable chunks as well as by performing frequent code integrations. By using CI, you are able to identify problems sooner, easily encourage more modular changes to your code, automate tasks and detect issues quickly.

    The Benefits of DevSecOps Automation

    While you and your team may experience different benefits of DevSecOps, in general, the most common benefits of DevSecOps include the following:

    • Lowered development and operation costs. · Shortened development cycles.
    • Increased release pace.
    • Improved detection of software vulnerabilities and errors.
    • Reduced amount of failures and rollbacks associated with deployment.
    • Reduced amount of time to recover from a software development failure.

    What DevSecOps Automation Tools Should You Use?

    By using a DevSecOps tool to automate your processes, you ensure your software development process is free from software vulnerabilities and errors. The most common DevSecOps tool is a static application security testing (SAST) tool. A SAST tool automates your vulnerability detection processes, eliminates identified vulnerabilities, increases the pace of development and reduces the amount of disruption to your software development process.

    To read more, please visit: https://www.perforce.com/blog/kw/devsecops-automation-safety-critical-software

  • Klocwork Is the Ideal Static Analysis Tool for DevOps

    Klocwork Is the Ideal Static Analysis Tool for DevOps

    Klocwork identifies software security, quality and reliability issues for C, C++, C# and Java helps to enforce compliance with standards. Its in-depth, accurate and precise analysis results have earned Klocwork the trust of industry leaders across a variety of industries. However, Klocwork is more than just a static code analysis tool; it’s also a static application security testing (SAST) tool.

    Find Security Vulnerabilities with SAST

    Klocwork SAST for DevOps and DevSecOps helps you to identify security vulnerabilities, which enables you to find and fix security issues earlier on in development. In addition, Klocwork helps you to ensure compliance with internationally recognized security standards.

    Differential Analysis

    Klocwork is one of the few static code analysis tools that uses differential analysis. This type of analysis enables Klocwork to provide you with shortest possible analysis times for the new and changed code—while maintaining the accuracy and detail of the analysis data.

    CI/CD Pipeline Support

    Built for enterprise DevOps, Klocwork scales to projects of any size, integrates with large complex environments and a wide range of developer tools, and provides control, collaboration and reporting. In addition, it integrates seamlessly with CI/CD pipelines to automate continuous compliance. This lowers cloud computing costs, as there are no idle instances waiting for the next analysis.

    Containerized Build Support

    Klocwork provides Containerized Build support for machine provisioning and cloud computing systems, including AWS, Azure and OpenStack. This provides the maximum flexibility and opportunity to use internal or external cloud services for code analysis.

    Control, Collaborate and Report

    The Klocwork Portal dashboard is a centralized store of analysis data, trends, metrics and configurations for codebases across the organization—accessed through a web browser. The dashboard is highly customizable, enabling your developers, managers and other stakeholders.

    Provide Your Team with Every Advantage — Provide Them with Klocwork

    To read more, please visit: https://www.perforce.com/sites/default/files/pdfs/datasheet-klocwork-static-analysis-tool-for-devops-web.pdf

  • Software Safety vs. Security: What’s the Difference?

    Software Safety vs. Security: What’s the Difference?

    When developing software, you must ensure that that it is both safe and secure. But what is the difference between your code being safe, and your code being secure? Here, we discuss the differences between the two, and explain why you need to ensure that your software is both safe and secure.

    The Difference Between Safety and Security

    The most significant difference between safety and security is this: Safety means no harm is caused — deliberate or otherwise — while security means no deliberate harm is caused — at all. However, there are other important differences.

    Code Security Prevents Cyberattacks: Code security is about preventing unwanted or illegal activity in your software.

    Code Safety Ensures Reliability: Code safety is a broad term that indicates whether software is reliable and safe to use.

    Security Helps Achieve Safety: Security is a means to achieve safety.

    How Coding Standards — Like MISRA — Drive Software Safety

    Safety is essential to industries, such as automotive, rail, medical device, and aerospace and defense. For years, MISR coding guidelines have helped developers in those industries keep high-reliability systems safe. In addition, the MISRA C:2012 Amendment 1 outlines security measures to help you identify and avoid common security vulnerabilities in your software systems. While coding standards don’t provide you with foolproof security, they do help you to ensure that your code is reliable and maintains high quality.

    How to Enforce Software Safety and Security

    The most effective way to enforce software safety and security is to use a static code analysis tool. In fact, MISRA recommends that you use a static code analysis tool to ensure the highest degree of compliance. By using a static code analysis tool, you’re able to identify software safety and security vulnerabilities, errors and bugs. This enables you to fix these potential weaknesses before they become dangerous and damaging. What’s more, a static code analyzer leads to more secure, safer software.

    To read more, please visit: https://www.perforce.com/blog/kw/software-safety-vs-security-whats-different