Tag: isolation

  • Social Distancing in the Age of Automation

    Social Distancing in the Age of Automation

     

    An unintended consequence of COVID-19 is that the practice of social distancing might remain long after the threat posed by the virus subsides.

    It seems as if COVID-19 (aka the Coronavirus) has appeared out of nowhere. At the end of 2019, we were all unwrapping out holiday gifts and looking hopefully into a new decade. Now, in March of 2020, schools are closed for weeks, if not months, major tech conferences are canceled, the NBA has suspended the season and the shelves at Walmart and Costco are bare of daily essentials.

    We’ve gone from zero reported cases at the end of January 2020 to over 120,000 worldwide six weeks later. (See Figure 1, below).

    Total-cases-covid-19-who

    Figure 1: Total confirmed cases of COVID-19 as of March 12, 2020. Source:  By Our World in Data – OWID, CC BY 4.0.

    The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared that we are in a pandemic. COVID-19 is spreading around the globe and its spreading fast. People are dying from it. As of March 13, 2020, sources report that Italy had 1,016 deaths among the 15,113 cases of infection. Another source reports that in mainland China, at least 3,158 people died from the 80,778 infected. The number keeps growing. What’s amazing is that in November of 2019 there were no reports of deaths from COVID-19. To say that this is the stuff of science fiction made real is no understatement.

    Social Distancing as a Tactical Response to COVID-19

    COVID-19 is a contagious disease. The rate of infection is pretty high when people gather together in large groups. To address the risks, gatherings of over 250 people have been discouraged, if not banned outright by business and government. This tactic has been given a name, “social distancing.”

    Social distancing means that we keep our distance from large groups of people. As with any change in social behavior, there are economic impacts. Most people go to a workplace to do work. Take away access to the workplace and work stops, the economy comes to a halt. At least that’s how it was in the old days.

    Today we live in a wired world that makes online interactions as easy as a stroll down Main Street. As a result, many of us work online thus allowing commerce to continue even when access to the physical workplace is restricted. Yet, most of us—working online or not—are still tethered to a common, physical workplace, at least we were until COVID-19 kicked in. Now we’re going home and telecommuting. Once the threats posed by the virus have passed we’ll all go back to business as usual. This current episode of social distancing will be but a memory.

    Or will it?

    What if social distancing becomes a way of life that stays with us for the foreseeable future? What if we all just get so accustomed to social distancing—employer and employee alike—that we just stay home after this all blows over? What then? Think about it. It could very well happen and the implications are significant.

    Social Distancing Is Not New

    Social distancing has been a trend even before COVID-19 came along. Before the introduction of mass-produced private homes, people either lived in cities or in the rural countryside. Urban dwellers congregated in public spaces, Venice Beach, Boston Common or Central Park for example. They ran into each other walking down the street. They rideshared on mass transit.

    Then the automobile came along and social distancing set in. More people started to prefer riding in the isolation of the privately-owned automobile than on a crowded city bus or subway. The interstate highway system emerged to support the millions of new cars on the road. These highways and the 30-year fixed mortgage gave birth to suburban living. Also, television reduced movie-going to a predominantly entertainment experience. Who needs to see a newsreel in a movie theater when the news is getting piped into your television set every day?

    The suburban house became the castle of any man or woman who could cough up a relatively small down payment to buy one. The next thing you know the house becomes the social center: barbecues, cocktail parties, Super Bowl Sunday and legions of teenagers wreaking havoc at alcohol-fueled backyard pool-parties while their parents are out of town.

    Eventually, the introduction of video streaming (neé cable-based HBO) big-screen TVs, and movies on the demand made the family entertainment center a permanent fixture in residential house design. Finally, along comes high-speed internet and dad’s den gets replaced by dad’s home office and mom’s home office.

    But, we still had to go to the store to get stuff. Hence the rise of the shopping mall as a common ground in which to socialize. And, we still had to go to work to pay for it all … for a while, anyway, until Amazon comes along and brings social distancing to the shopping experience and telecommuting gizmos such as Slack, Zoom and a plethora of mobile apps make working from home a feasible way to conduct business. The only catch is that employers needed to get on board with telecommuting. Some did and some didn’t until COVID-19 started killing people. Now, they’re on board.

    Living in a Social Distancing World

    COVID-19 is forcing everyone to stay put. Every day an increasing number of companies are mandating that if you can work at home, you are to work at home. Late-night television shows are broadcasting empty theaters. There’s even talk of canceling the Democratic National Convention. It seems as if we’re all going home.

    The risk is that we just might stay there.

    Let’s face it, we’ve created a digital infrastructure that can support a situation in which most of the population of the developed world stays in a state of social distancing permanently. All the things required to make it happen are in place. Today, we can buy just about all we need online and have it delivered to our doorstep. An increasing number of the ordinary activities of daily life happens on the internet, everything from a casual chat on Skype to a game of cards with our friends on Trickster Cards, are typical. And yes, people have been having romantic interludes online since personal computers could support video conferencing.

    In the not-too-distant-future, home healthcare devices will do away with most visits to the doctor’s office. Soon, if we need to get somewhere, we’ll call a driverless vehicle to get us there. Manufacturing automation will continue to improve to the point where we won’t work in factories directly anymore. We’ll just control the robots that do work in the factories from computers in our home office.

    As finance and services continue to become a growing part of the economy, the work that industry requires can be done from home, too—quite easily in fact. Yes, we’ll still need human plumbers, electricians and nurses. But these workers will occupy a special place in a socially distanced world. They’ll be well vetted and well protected. 

    So, the long and short of it is that current events might very well be a harbinger of things to come. And, if anything, the hazards of COVID-19 are pushing forward the propensity to make social distancing the norm. When that happens the really big question to ask is this: If all of us are socially distanced by default and more of our interaction with, and understanding of, the world comes from that which we see and hear on cell phones, computers and television sets, how will we know what is real and what is well-contrived fiction? It’s an important question that deserves serious consideration. I hope we can answer it. Then, once answered, the even bigger question to ask is: Will we care?

    — Bob Reselman

  • Technology: Isolation in the Age of Automation

    Technology: Isolation in the Age of Automation

    Dependence on technology makes us more independent overall, but it also makes us more isolated. So, what happens if things come to the point where we depend on machines more than we depend on other human beings?

    Earlier this month I attended a presentation about machine learning on mobile phones at Google IO 2019. Right now Google is spending a lot of time and money developing machine learning models and capabilities that operate solely within the mobile device. No connection to the internet is required. It’s a big deal.

    During the presentation, the company showed a video that featured an illiterate woman in India who uses her phone’s text recognition features to read to her. All she needs to do is point the phone’s camera at a recipe or newspaper and the phone converts the text to speech.

    I found the story inspiring as a technologist and as a human being. But it’s not all peaches and cream. At the end of the video, the woman said something that gave me pause. When talking about using the technology to book a train ticket, she said, “I can book it myself. I don’t need anyone’s help.”

    There’s no doubt the phone liberated her, very much in the same way that the light bulb liberated millions of other people in times past, bringing human activity forward beyond the setting sun. Dependence on a particular technology can create greater independence overall. However, I do wonder what happens when things evolve to the point where we depend on machines more than we depend on others, when we no longer need “anyone’s help.”

    To my thinking, human interdependence is the thread that binds the fabric of a society together. The thousands of little interdependencies that make up the human experience have beneficial side effects. To get along, we learn the basic rules of civility. We learn to say “please” and “thank you.” We learn how to wait in line at the DMV. We pick up after our dog. We open the door for others. It’s all part of the implicit contract that makes living with other people possible.

    But, these days it seems we depend more on machines than the kindness of strangers. The fact is, you don’t have to be nice to a machine, even for a self-serving purpose. You can yell at your cell phone. You stick your tongue out at the ATM as it accepts your deposit. Whether you’re nice to it or not doesn’t matter. Your deposit is not going to be processed any faster or slower. Your cell phone isn’t going to disconnect you because you were rude to it.

    Take away these simple rules of civility and strange things happen. It’s interesting that road rage is common, yet sidewalk rage is rare. Maybe wrapping ourselves up in a piece of silicon-powered transportation hardware predisposes us to a hostile attitude when interacting with others in the same situation.

    As I stated earlier, depending on technology makes us more independent in the big picture. But, it also makes us more isolated. Whereas in the past, talking about the weather with a stranger might be a prelude to another conversation that’s more meaningful, today the stranger next to me usually has his ears plugged up listening to his own interests. And, if I really want to know about the weather, I can ask Alexa.

    Modern technology gives me help on demand. I no longer ask a stranger for directions to the train station, I use my phone. It seems as if I need the help of others less during those small, random moments of vulnerability. A machine is but a voice prompt away. And, thus, the thread that binds me to the world at large gets a little bit looser.

    Now don’t get me wrong—isolation is nothing new. Five hundred years ago most people never traveled far from where they were born except on very special occasions. Village life is a case study in group isolation. But, while villages were isolated from the outside world, inside the village it was a different story. The social fabric was dense; the threads were tight. Being shunned by the group was a matter of life and death.

    Today we’re all over the place, literally. But we move in our own domains in which we end up wishing happy birthdays to people we’ve never met but who somehow have meaning to us by way of LinkedIn, Facebook and the plethora of other social platforms brought to life and sustained by something other than human labor.

    Is this such a bad thing? Dunno. I like it that my phone is now my personal stenographer. It helps me think better. But, I’m not sure that Google Assistant will ever be a good best friend. What’s even stranger is that a time might come when I don’t even need one. It will be just me and my mobile device. Then I won’t need anyone’s help, ever.

    — Bob Reselman