Author: Scott Hollis

  • Eliminating ShadowOps

    Eliminating ShadowOps

    If you were like me, you thought that cloud and compute virtualization technologies were transforming the data center, but they are nothing compared to what is coming our way. The IT landscape evolution is accelerating with the advent of application containers, network and storage virtualization, big data, and integrated and hyper-converged infrastructures, to name just a few. IT and business unit roles for infrastructure and application support and management are also changing; driving the need for solutions that are not found in the traditional IT playbook.

    The competitive online marketplace is placing increasing pressure on businesses to deliver services and application updates faster to market. While the increased focus today is on the applications themselves, the reality is that they are dependent on infrastructure in order to be delivered to the end user or customer. The inflexibility of traditional IT operations to deliver needed infrastructure impedes development teams from meeting that need for speed in service delivery, causing a disparity between ITOps and development teams.

    The availability of infrastructure resources from cloud service providers today is viewed by application/service owners and development teams as a faster and more flexible way to get infrastructure for application and service delivery.  When the business units and development teams begin to circumvent traditional IT operations to get the agility they require to meet their rapidly evolving needs, it creates what I call ShadowOps.

    ShadowOps is characterized by the clandestine proliferation of outsourced infrastructures and services, which further impedes the relationship between IT and development operations and creates risk, affecting everything from governance and compliance, to business continuity disaster recovery, service quality and more.

    Understanding ShadowOps

    The infrastructure that application/service owners and developers require to run their applications is supported and managed by IT Operations.  The business’ perception is that IT operations is a barrier.  They are too slow and inflexible.  This causes the businesses to seek outside infrastructure and thus a ShadowOps strategy is born.

    ITOps has an enormous responsibility to meet certain requirements, such as regulatory or security audits, while also making sure there are disaster recovery and business continuity plans and systems in place; essentially planning for everything and anything that may happen.

    Developers, on the other hand, live in the business unit and often have no baseline understanding of what IT Ops goes through on a daily basis, or how their procedures and needs are impacted by their operations.

    While developers can typically deliver multiple releases per day, mostly unfettered as they traverse testing, development, QA and pre-production, once they enter the production environment, IT Operations is often unsuspecting of new or changed application behavior and underlying infrastructure requirements and are often left scrambling to deliver what new and changed applications need.

    This causes the impacted developers to begin to look for infrastructure solutions that can give them the ease and speed they crave. So they go to Rackspace, or Amazon, or Microsoft Azure and simply buy the infrastructure they need to support their application and pay for it on a monthly basis.

    When developers and application owners begin to outsource infrastructure, often with little regard for risk, they tend to overlook things like compliance requirements, audits, and the fact that a simple change can significantly impact IT operations.

    IT Operations is burdened with certain regulatory demands and company policies, which makes them “slow” in the eyes of the application owners.  External infrastructures are extremely appealing to application support and DevOps teams because of the pace at which cloud service providers can provision and deliver what is needed.

    IT Operations is also saddled with legacy monitor systems, which requires a huge manual effort. Not only are there separate tools for monitoring storage, database, network and middleware, now with ShadowOps, there are separate infrastructures altogether and IT Ops has extremely limited insight into or control over external resources.  They often don’t even know they exist until someone calls into the help desk unable to get to their application or unable to process a transaction. This is when things start to get out of control.

    The Allure and Consequence of ShadowOps

    ShadowOps is alluring to the developer for a few reasons: better time-to-value, time-to-market, agility, speed, responsiveness, which are all good things until they begin to impact availability or increase risk with no disaster recover or business continuity or audit ability on the part of IT operations. When developers purchase cloud service provider offerings rather than working through IT channels you have to deal with multiple providers – project management suffers, costs get out of control and you don’t get economies of scale.

    So if each business unit, or development team goes this route independently, you have to ask yourself: Are they meeting business continuity requirements? Do they have redundancy in place? Are they backing up on a regular basis? Are they logging everything required? Are they controlling which administrators have access to certain systems? And finally, will it pass an audit, and how will the provider give access?

    The consequence of a ShadowOps environment is not only multiple providers, but also the lack of a point person to negotiate response rates and SLAs that will meet the needs of their business unit, so when there is a security issue, there is no one to respond in a time frame to enables its resolution.

    Unify, Automate, and Empower IT

    So how do you eliminate ShadowOps and give developers the agility they need while also empowering IT?

    It begins with enabling developers from central IT for better coordination, with better tools that address the needs of the changing IT landscape.

    Providing IT operations with a unified, automated performance and availability monitoring tool, with a single UI and single datastore, along with event management for your entire infrastructure wherever it’s deployed is a big step towards overcoming the hurdles that lead to ShadowOps.

    With a unified model that is automatically built and updated you’ll always be able to monitor the most accurate view of your entire IT environment, contain costs, promote shared resources and allow different units to make better purchases that meet evolving business demands.

    A key symptom of a ShadowOps environment is an inflexible IT Ops organization, where it controls everything in-house with a strict menu of services and SLAs that developers are forced to deal with to meet their requirements. By leveraging a unified monitoring solution, you can empower IT to adapt and relinquish some of that control and facilitate a common ground with developers where IT acts as an enabler rather than an enforcer.

    If the business unit wants to use an outside provider, IT operations can help them choose the right one, assign a project lead, help them set it up and make it work with the right controls.

    IT is then free to be consultative with the business and development teams, guiding them to make better purchases and have more control of their environment, potentially combining multiple business units’ needs with a particular provider that specializes in the infrastructures they actually need.

    IT operations, along with X-as-a-service (infrastructure, platform, software, etc.), allows greater flexibility to support rapid prototype and delivery. It allows IT to be a technology enabler for development teams, rather than forcing them to rely solely on their existing infrastructure and inevitably seek out ShadowOps.

    For more on how you can eliminate ShadowOps by leveraging a unified monitoring tool to make IT Ops more agile and meet the evolving needs of your development teams, read our full report on aligning ITOps and DevOps here.

  • Video did not kill the radio star – IT Ops Continues on

    Video did not kill the radio star – IT Ops Continues on

    The Buggles classic “Video Killed the Radio Star” may have been a hit song, as well as hotly contested idea in the early 80s, but given the retrospect of the last 40 years, we know that video did not kill the radio star – it simply changed him. Just as MTV failed to kill the radio star, DevOps will fail to kill IT Ops.

    Today’s dynamic virtualized and cloud-filled world has significantly changed IT. With Software Defined “Everything” and virtualized compute, network, storage, etc., everything is fluid.  And to top this off, bandwidth is unlimited and inexpensive; making it easy to offload and move things in ways we couldn’t have dreamed possible just a few years ago. As a result, the infrastructure supporting these technologies is highly distributed, and can no longer be served from one place. All of this is significantly changing the way IT Ops, well, operates. In order to understand how IT Ops has changed, we need to look back at how it was. We don’t need to look back far, however.

    Most organizations have individual business units. Be it a large organization with separate businesses, or a smaller one with separate departments, these business units often find themselves competing over shared IT resources. Five years ago, business units vied for the time of shared application developers that lived in IT. Now, with the explosive growth and maturation of rapid delivery application development technologies, and with more and more revenue generated or influenced online, it makes sense, that these business units lobbied to the CIO to bring the app developer and application support functions within their control.  Application development has become a critical part of most businesses today..

    Once this happened, the distribution of budget also changed, taking full control of the IT budget away from IT Operations. Today, as much as 30% of the IT budget is directed by the individual business units. This happened because the business units were not getting the prioritization they wanted from the shared application developer approach. In the eyes of the business, IT couldn’t move fast enough for them, or didn’t have the same priorities that the business unit had. No one was satisfied.  So, the executive teams moved the application development and support budget to the respective business units, partly to stop the bickering.

    Some of these business units took their funds and used them to outsource development or to purchase software-as-a-service applications. Once cloud platforms and inexpensive, unlimited bandwidth arrived, the business units had alternatives, and they used them.

    This is all logical for business units, but it does not come without risk to the organization. With applications developed, controlled, and delivered outside of the purview of IT Ops, there were concerns about whether these applications would meet HIPAA or PCI compliance standards, IT’s security standards, business continuity guarantees, or back up schedules. A compromise was needed. What most organizations have come up with is to have IT Ops handle the general infrastructure, and allow each business to do what they want with the rest – about 30 percent of the budget. How does this look?

    Most apps today are componentized. If you take a retail app for example, the product browsing, the shopping cart, the payment page, and the confirmation and fulfillment are each separate applications. While the underlying infrastructure – how the app is configured, monitored, and supported – needs to be handled by IT Ops, each component lives on its own schedule of updates, and has its own team that maintains and fine tunes these apps to make sure they’re accountable to the business goals. But who, you might ask, comprises the team if not IT Ops?

    DevOps: The intersection of Development and Operations

    Enter DevOps. DevOps is one of those terms that can mean different things to different people, but in its most simple definition, DevOps is the convergence of development and operations. Forrester analyst Mike Gualtieri hit the nail on the head when he said: “The goal of DevOps to make the process of deploying applications faster and smoother.”

    Without “DevOps” all application issues (outages, etc.) will be routed to IT Ops. Because IT Ops is shared, has other priorities, and does not necessarily know the goals of each business unit, this is not the most practical option. Sure, IT Ops are sharp and talented people, but they specialize in maintaining infrastructure – they are not application experts by trade. Some organizations have hundreds of different applications spread among a dozen business units. There is no way that anyone could expect IT Ops to understand the specific needs and behaviors of each of these specific applications.

    The application developers know the app best, they know the requirements, and how to diagnose issues. They need a deep solution to trace transactions and end user experience. And, they know best what the app needs in a general sense….how much CPU, how much storage, how much RAM, etc. However, what they don’t have is expertise with VMware vSphere, Cisco UCS, VCE vBlock, FlexPod, IBM hardware, NetApp storage, EMC storage, etc. They are developers. They can manage their application operationally, but what happens when they run into an infrastructure problem? This is where IT Operations comes in.

    Gualtieri also said, “DevOps is a loosely defined set of emerging practices to get developers and operations pros to work together. Developers and operations professionals are often at odds. Developers want to release software more frequently; operations professionals want to protect the stability of the infrastructure.”

    This is why the portion of the IT budget that is moving away from IT and into individual business units continues to grow. It’s not necessarily surprising when people start talking about an end to IT Ops, or in some cases, and end to Operations all together (NoOps).

    However, despite the fact that organizations are moving away from IT Operations overseeing 100 percent of the budget, to a chunk of it now being managed by individual business units, without IT Ops each unit would control all of their own IT. Imagine unified communications without IT Ops. Do you really want each business unit in charge of that? No, you want economies of scale.  You want it to be shared – the network, the bandwidth, the storage – IT Ops will remain to manage all of that.

    As Gualtieri noted, “developers and operations need to stick together to best meet the demands of the business.” Recent research drives this point home. A study on the state of DevOps by Puppet Labs found that IT performance strongly correlates with DevOps practices like proactive monitoring, and continuous delivery and integration. In fact, according to the research, DevOps practices can boost IT performance and ultimately improve a business’s bottom line.

    IT teams have a more consultative and strategic approach, working in partnership with developers and other users of IT infrastructure to ensure that they all have access to what they need without bottlenecks or barriers to entry. Despite the fact that there appears to be room for both IT Ops and DevOps within organizations, it is clear that a shift is occurring.

    IT Ops: Making a move to large service providers

    Taking advantage of the latest technology innovation, as well as economies of scale, many organizations are now using service providers instead of owning their own infrastructure. One could say that this is pushing the IT Ops folks out, and they would be correct, but don’t worry they’re not becoming an endangered species. Instead of working for large enterprises, IT Ops professionals are working for the large service providers. They aren’t going away, they’re just moving off site.

    The budget will likely continue to go down for IT Ops on premise, but the cost of hosted infrastructure will go up, so the budget for IT Ops will even out. IT Ops is not disappearing, it’s transforming.

    In a time when Ops have become trendy and heated debates over terms have garnered the attention of the tech community, it comes as no surprise that the majority of us are left wondering what the future holds. One thing is for certain, be it DevOps, IT Ops, or SecDevOps, there will continue to be places for Ops within organizations.